Category Archives: Fieldbus Protocols

Modern industrial automation depends heavily on reliable, fast, and deterministic communication between controllers, sensors, actuators, and higher-level systems. Whether in a manufacturing plant, oil refinery, or smart factory, seamless data exchange is essential for efficiency, safety, and scalability. Industrial communication protocols enable this interaction. Among the most important and widely adopted standards are PROFIBUS and PROFINET, both defined… Read More »

The application layer is where industrial communication becomes meaningful. If: Then the application layer defines what those frames actually mean. IEC 61158 Parts 5 and 6 define: This layer enables: This article explains the IEC 61158 application layer in clear, practical terms for automation engineers and protocol developers. 1. What the Application Layer Does The application layer (Layer… Read More »

The data-link layer is where deterministic industrial communication truly begins. If: Then IEC 61158 Parts 3 and 4 define how frames are structured, timed, and controlled. The data-link layer: This article explains the IEC 61158 data-link layer in practical engineering terms. 1. What the Data-Link Layer Does The data-link layer (Layer 2 of OSI) is responsible for: It… Read More »

IEC 61158-2 defines the physical layer specification for industrial fieldbus communication systems. It establishes the electrical, optical, and timing rules that allow deterministic data transmission between industrial devices. While IEC 61158-1 defines the architecture of the standard,IEC 61158-2 defines how bits physically travel across copper and fiber media. This article explains the IEC 61158-2 physical layer in clear,… Read More »

If you work in industrial automation, PLC integration, or SCADA system design, you will eventually encounter IEC 61158. But IEC 61158 is not a single protocol. It is a family of international standards that define how industrial fieldbus communication systems are structured — from the physical wiring all the way up to the application layer. This article explains… Read More »